You will need multiple playthroughs to obtain this and the Blacksmithing counterpart.
To get past level 4 jewelcrafting, you will need several Pages of Jewelcrafting. For me, they started to drop in Nightmare difficulty and I had more than enough by the time I had made it to your first encounter with Maghda in Act 1. The highest level you can get to with the pages is 6 and to advance further you need Tomes of Jewelcrafting.
You can start to craft Tomes of Jewelcrafting on Nightmare. They require 10 Pages of Jewelcrafting and 10 gold pieces. To craft the tomes, move to the armor section on the blacksmith and choose the bag. The Tome of Blacksmithing and Tome of Secrets can also be crafted here.
To upgrade to levels 9 and 10, you need Tomes of Secrets which start to drop on Hell difficulty. They can also be crafted like the other tomes. One Tome of Secrets requires 5 Tomes of Blacksmithing and 5 Tomes of Jewelcrafting.
Credit to LookItsPineappl and Reborn Insanity for pointing out that Tomes of Jewelcrafting and Blacksmithing can be crafted as early as Nightmare, and Tomes of Secrets start to drop on Hell, respectively.