Chandra's deck is more creature-based than it is a burn deck. I went through all five duels without getting more than 9 damage to the dome.
Once Chandra's campaign is done, if you haven't gotten this, you can go back to the Kaladesh Artificers with your upgraded deck. Even then, my army of creatures and I spent several turns waiting for burn cards. (Edit: it appears you can't take the upgraded deck back. It's still probably best to do on the first duel so that you can dominate the battlefield and wait for burn cards. Thanks,
metabolicBatman)
The achievement unlocks as soon as you deal the tenth point of damage directly to your opponent.