You will get your first bamboo fishing pole for free from Willy (it costs 500gold at his beach shop).
How to fish:
Face water with the pole selected, hold
to start casting and then release at desired distance. When you get something to bite press
to start the mini-game.
The goal here is to keep the fish inside the green bar. You control it by tapping or holding
. Same as with farming and mining etc, this is a skill you level up.
Be aware some fish are harder then others to catch.
Depending on time of year/day and location you fish at, you will get different fish to bite.
This achievement will pop well within the first year for most players.
Below is more detailed info thanks to idigitaltimes.com.
Link:
http://www.idigitaltimes.com/stardew-valley-fishing-guide-ho...Beach
SpringAnchovies – 24/7
Eel – Early Afternoon or Night, when raining
Halibut – 24/7
Herring – 24/7
SummerCrimsonfish (Legendary) - 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.
Halibut – 24/7
Octopus – Morning
Pufferfish – Early Afternoon, when sunny
Red Mullet – 24/7
Red Snapper – All Day, when raining
Super Cucumber – Night
Tilapia – All Day
Tuna – 24/7
FallAlbacore – Morning or Night
Anchovies – 24/7
Red Snapper – All Day, when snowing
Sea Cucumber – 24/7
Super Cucumber - Night
WinterAlbacore – Morning or Night
Halibut – 24/7
Herring – 24/7
Red Mullet – All Day
Sea Cucumber – 24/7
Squid - Night
Tuna – All Day
All YearGreen Algae – 24/7
Sardines – All Day
Seaweed – 24/7
Trash – 24/7
Ponds
SpringCatfish – 24/7, when raining
Legend - 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m., in the lake near Marnie's Ranch
SummerPike – 24/7
FallCatfish – 24/7, when raining
Angler (Legendary) - 24/7, in pond north of Joja Mart
WinterCatfish – 24/7, when snowing
Perch – 24/7
Pike – 24/7
All YearCarp – 24/7
Chub – 24/7
Periwinkle – 24/7 (Crab Pot)
Snail – 24/7 (Crab Pot)
River
SpringCatfish – 24/7, when raining
Shad– All Day, when raining
Smallmouth Bass – 24/7
Sunfish – All Day, when sunny
SummerDorado – All Day
Rainbow Trout – All Day, when sunny
Shad – All Day, when raining
Sunfish – All Day, when sunny
FallCatfish – 24/7, when raining
Lingcod – 24/7
Salmon – All Day
Shad – All Day, when raining
Smallmouth Bass – 24/7
Tiger Trout – Early Morning or Early Afternoon
Walleye – Afternoon or Night, when raining
WinterCatfish – 24/7, when snowing
Chub - Day
Lingcod – 24/7
Perch – Day or Night
Pike – Day or Night
Tiger Trout – Early Morning or Early Afternoon
Walleye – Afternoon or Night, when snowing
All YearBream – Night
Other SpotsArrowhead IslandGlacierfish (Legendary) - 6:00 a.m to 10:00 p.m., only during Winter
DesertSandfish - Between 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m; year-round
Scorpion Carp - Between 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m; year-round
Forest PondCarp - 24/7, year-round
Catfish - Mornings during Spring and Fall
Walleye - Afternoon and Night during Fall
Woodskip - 24/7, year-round
The MinesGhostfish – Floors 20, 60 and 100; 24/7, year-round
Ice Pip – Floor 60; 24/7, year-round
Lava Eel – Floor 100; 24/7, year-round
Stone Fish – Floor 20; 24/7, year-round
Sturgeon – Mine Lake; All Day, Summer and Winter only
SewersMutant Carp (Legendary) - 24/7, year-round