With a little work, all of the achievements in Starbound can be obtained using console commands
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Find a safe spot in-game, such as on your ship or at a planetary base.
Place the mouse cursor near to your character, as this is where items will spawn.
Press ENTER to bring up the dialogue box in the bottom left of the screen.
Type /admin
Press ENTER
(You only need to type /admin once. If you're doing several achievements in a row, typing it again will turn off admin mode which we need to get the achievements. The dialogue box will tell you if you just turned it on or off).
NOTE: Press ENTER after every command to activate the command, and press it again to bring the dialogue box back up. After pressing ENTER, you can use the up arrow on your keyboard to scroll through recent commands.
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The commands you need to use for this particular achievement are:
/spawnitem ashsprite
/spawnitem aurorabee
/spawnitem blueback
/spawnitem brightstripe
/spawnitem butterbee
/spawnitem cinderfly
/spawnitem dewhopper
/spawnitem driftbell
/spawnitem dustmoth
/spawnitem fawnfly
/spawnitem fireygiant
/spawnitem flameroach
/spawnitem frostfleck
/spawnitem frostfly
/spawnitem gasgiant
/spawnitem glowbug
/spawnitem goldbuck
/spawnitem greentip
/spawnitem heathugger
/spawnitem hivehog
/spawnitem icetip
/spawnitem lavahopper
/spawnitem muddancer
/spawnitem mudstag
/spawnitem orphanfly
/spawnitem phoenixfly
/spawnitem polarmoth
/spawnitem redwing
/spawnitem sandclown
/spawnitem scuttleploom
/spawnitem seahornet
/spawnitem shadowmoth
/spawnitem shardwing
/spawnitem shellcreep
/spawnitem snowskater
/spawnitem stinkjack
/spawnitem sunskipper
/spawnitem thornbee
/spawnitem tidefly
/spawnitem vineclimber
/spawnitem wavebird
/spawnitem xenofly
Your inventory will fill up as you spawn each of the 42 bugs, so make sure you keep going in to trash them every so often to pick up all 42.
Watch the spellings! If something spawns as a green cube instead of a blue jar, then you've mistyped. Double check each one.