Before you can smuggle contraband you will need a ship with a shielded cargo hold. If you have the credits the vendor in Atalantis near the landing pad usually sells ships that already have this. If not you will have to find a vendor that sells a Shielded Cargo Hold and equip it to your ship.
Easiest way to get contraband is to steal it from contraband caches in security checkpoints and/or jails. (requires expert lockpicking at most.) There is one on the Planet Gagarin (Alpha Centauri - Gagarin - Gagarin Landing) the security checkpoint is right next to the landing pad. Steal the contraband from the cache.
Once you have contraband put it in your cargo hold on your ship and fast travel to another planet to get scanned. (Make a manual save before hand)
Once you've been successfully scanned the achievement will unlock.