Here is the full list of all 12 Braid achievements worth 200 gamerscore. It takes around 6-8 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Xbox 360.
Travel all the way across World 2.
Travel all the way across World 3.
Travel all the way across World 4.
Travel all the way across World 5.
Travel all the way across World 6.
Fit together all the world 2 puzzle pieces and align the puzzle in its frame.
Fit together all the world 3 puzzle pieces and align the puzzle in its frame.
Fit together all the world 4 puzzle pieces and align the puzzle in its frame.
Fit together all the world 5 puzzle pieces and align the puzzle in its frame.
Fit together all the world 6 puzzle pieces and align the puzzle in its frame.
Complete the game.
Complete a full speed run of the entire game, beating the challenge time.